What does “dry” refer to when discussing vermouth?

When discussing vermouth, "dry" refers to a style that is less sweet and typically has a more pronounced bitterness. Dry vermouth is characterized by its lower sugar content compared to sweet vermouth, resulting in a sharper and more herbal flavor profile. This makes it a popular choice for various cocktails, especially those that benefit from a more complex and less sugary flavor, such as the classic Martini. The term highlights a crucial distinction in vermouth categories, allowing bartenders and enthusiasts to select the right type for specific cocktails, enhancing the overall taste and experience.